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All of those terms are defined by statute, in the case law, and also in jury instructions. Generally speaking, these definitions are uniform between federal and state.

I have been representing people facing drug charges, both in the federal courts and in Missouri and Illinois courts, since 1991.

The federal criminal code does not criminalize possession of drug paraphernalia. However, possession of drug paraphernalia can and has been seen as circumstantial evidence of a defendant’s intent in a drug conspiracy case.

The penalties and alternatives to sentencing are quite diverse. The federal system does not, as I said, have as many misdemeanors and the penalties in the federal system are, as a general rule

The issues that can be raised in a direct appeal are primarily limited to what is called trial court error. Specifically, issues that can be raised include

Yes, I can handle your appeal. I have filed numerous appeals in the Missouri court of appeals and in the federal courts of appeal.